NEW THEORY OF DARK MASS: A UNIFICATION OF GRAVITY, ELECTROMAGNETISM AND QUANTUM MECHANICS VIA COMPLEX TIME

Current physics faces fundamental gaps: the incompatibility between General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics, the nature of dark matter, the interpretation of wave-particle duality, and the origin of the cosmic microwave background. This work presents a New Theory of Dark Mass (NTDM) based on the concept of a three-dimensional complex time vector, where matter is modeled as Rankine vortices in imaginary time. Inertial mass is derived from complex energy and corresponds to the total moment of the temporal vortex; gravity arises as interaction between vortex cores; and friction arises as interaction between vortex wings (vorticity fields). Dark matter, in this theory, is identified as the complex (imaginary) part of matter itself — the vorticity of imaginary time — rather than an exotic particle. Electromagnetism is unified via the complex field F = E + iB, whose interaction with complex time generates a generalized Lorentz force. The theory quantitatively explains the experiments by Tajmar et al. (ESA, 2006–2007) on artificial gravitational fields generated by rotating superconductors, the flat rotation curves of galaxies without the need for exotic dark matter, and the laws of dry friction. Testable predictions are presented: (1) the friction coefficient for a given pair of materials is invariant on space; (2) the Faraday effect should present anomalies in phase transitions; (3) there is a residual force proportional to the gradient of on any mass. Limitations and future tests are discussede. The theory naturally satisfies the Schrödinger equation and provides a complete interpretation of the double-slit experiment without wave function collapse.